Unit One Review
1) AN OBSERVATION always involves the use of the senses. Instruments may extend the senses.
2) AN INFERENCE is an interpretation or conclusion based on observations.
Inferencesusually involve what happened in the past. Any statement about the future MUST be an inference.
3) CLASSIFICATION is the grouping of items based on common characteristics.
We classify things to make them easier to study and to understand.
4) MEASUREMENT:
A) Mass: The amount of matter in an object. The basic unit of mass is the gram.
B) Volume: The amount of space occupied by an object. The basis units of volume arethe cm3 and ml.
They are equal.
5) DENSITY: Amount of mass per unit of volume. You MUST be able to solve for any value in the density formula.
a) Expressed in g/cm3 or g/ml
b) Cut object into many pieces and the density of each piece remains the same.
c) Compress an object (reduce its volume) and the density increases.
d) When an object expands (increases in volume) its density decreases.
e) The density of water is 1 g/cm3 (1 g/ml)
f) Water reaches maximum density at 4 oC (really 3.98oC)
6) You MUST be able to calculate percent error (deviation) using the formula.
7) PHASES of MATTER:
a) Solid (usually most dense)
b) Liquid
c) Gas or vapor (least dense)
8) CHANGES are EVENTS that occur (can be in) "time and space" (frames of reference).
a) Rate of change varies greatly. Some are fast (earthquakes). Some are slow (evolution).
b) Changes may be cyclic; repeating again and again. Cyclic changes like the phases of the moon are predicable. 1) Predictions are most accurate when data is gathered over a long period of time.
c) Changes may be non-cyclic; these are one time events such as meteorite impacts which are usually not predictable.
d) All changes involve a flow of energy. Energy is exchanged at an interface. An interface is a boundary between two different materials (land and water, air and land).
e) The “law of conservation of energy” states that “Energy cannot be destroyed but one kind of energy can be changed into another.” Example: Sunlight falls on your face. It is changed from light to heat. You feel the warmth of the sun.
9) RATE: the amount of change per unit of time. RATE = SLOPE = GRADIENT. When you look at a graph, the steeper the line, the faster the rate.
2) AN INFERENCE is an interpretation or conclusion based on observations.
Inferencesusually involve what happened in the past. Any statement about the future MUST be an inference.
3) CLASSIFICATION is the grouping of items based on common characteristics.
We classify things to make them easier to study and to understand.
4) MEASUREMENT:
A) Mass: The amount of matter in an object. The basic unit of mass is the gram.
B) Volume: The amount of space occupied by an object. The basis units of volume arethe cm3 and ml.
They are equal.
5) DENSITY: Amount of mass per unit of volume. You MUST be able to solve for any value in the density formula.
a) Expressed in g/cm3 or g/ml
b) Cut object into many pieces and the density of each piece remains the same.
c) Compress an object (reduce its volume) and the density increases.
d) When an object expands (increases in volume) its density decreases.
e) The density of water is 1 g/cm3 (1 g/ml)
f) Water reaches maximum density at 4 oC (really 3.98oC)
6) You MUST be able to calculate percent error (deviation) using the formula.
7) PHASES of MATTER:
a) Solid (usually most dense)
b) Liquid
c) Gas or vapor (least dense)
8) CHANGES are EVENTS that occur (can be in) "time and space" (frames of reference).
a) Rate of change varies greatly. Some are fast (earthquakes). Some are slow (evolution).
b) Changes may be cyclic; repeating again and again. Cyclic changes like the phases of the moon are predicable. 1) Predictions are most accurate when data is gathered over a long period of time.
c) Changes may be non-cyclic; these are one time events such as meteorite impacts which are usually not predictable.
d) All changes involve a flow of energy. Energy is exchanged at an interface. An interface is a boundary between two different materials (land and water, air and land).
e) The “law of conservation of energy” states that “Energy cannot be destroyed but one kind of energy can be changed into another.” Example: Sunlight falls on your face. It is changed from light to heat. You feel the warmth of the sun.
9) RATE: the amount of change per unit of time. RATE = SLOPE = GRADIENT. When you look at a graph, the steeper the line, the faster the rate.
| percent_deviation.pdf |
| unit_1_review.pdf |